Observe: Click Play, and observe the balloon for a period of 48 hours. The Coastal Winds and Clouds Gizmo allows you to explore how daily temperature variations are related to sea breezes and other weather phenomena. Click Play (), and watch the Gizmo for 24 simulated hours, focusing on the sailboat. Click Pause () when the sailboat starts moving towards the shore. Describe what you see in the space below. Think about it: Imagine a pocket of air over the land ( land air), and another pocket of air over the ocean ( ocean air). 12:00 P. 3:00 P. 6:00 P. 9:00 P. 12:00 A. Write these steps in the correct sequence and, for each step, explain why it is placed in that order. Next, find the wind direction between the points on the diagram. Gather data: Click Play, and then click Pause at 3:00 P. Find the wind direction between the points as you did before. C. Click Play, and then click Pause when the strength of the land breeze is at a maximum. Gather data: The diagram at right shows the scene at 6:00 A. Activity A: Temperature and wind Get the Gizmo ready: Click Reset (). This pattern in which low-density, hot air rises while high-density, cold air sinks is an example of convection.
Time Ocean air temperature ( C) Land air temperature ( C) Sea breeze or land breeze? D. M., in which direction did the breeze blow? Activity B continued on next page). What might happen if the burner was turned off? Name: Date: Student Exploration: Coastal Winds and Clouds Vocabulary: condensation, convection, convection current, land breeze, sea breeze Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo. ) Click Play, and now observe the clouds for a day. Use the Weather probe to find and label the temperature at each of the numbered locations. A hot-air balloon contains a propane burner that directs hot air into the interior of the balloon. Extend your thinking: With the probe placed on the land-sea boundary, monitor the wind speed.
Gather data: Check that the time is 6:00 A. M. Drag the Weather probe so that it is on the ocean s surface (Alt. Wind speed (km/h) 6:00 A. Record data for each time listed in the table below. C. At 3:00 P. M., where was the warmest air? Analyze: Compare the air temperatures to the breezes. What are these temperatures at this time?
D. What are the land- and ocean-air temperatures now? In which direction is the coldest air in the diagram moving? Click Play, and then click Pause when the sailboat starts moving out to sea again. Turn on the Weather probe. Gizmo Warm-up Have you ever taken a walk along an ocean beach and noticed a refreshing breeze blowing in from the water? You can see the flames in the photo at left. Cut open plasmid with restriction enzyme Obtain synthesized protein from the bacteria Clone bacterial cells with rDNA plasmids Insert donor DNA into the open plasmid Cut out donor DNA with restriction enzyme Add ligase to bond donor DNA and plasmid.
Explain: What causes the counterclockwise flow of air in the afternoon? Based on this statement, why do clouds tend to form around 3:00 P. and 6:00 A. M.? How much does the temperature over the land change in one day? Activity B: Convection currents Get the Gizmo ready: Click Reset. What time is it now?
Finally, move the probe to the land-sea boundary and record the type of breeze (sea or land breeze) and wind speed. Other sets by this creator. Calculate: For both the ocean air temperature column and land air temperature column, find the temperature range by subtracting the lowest temperature from the highest. What do you notice in the sky now? Activity B (continued from previous page) 5. Explain: Clouds often form when a large mass of warm, moist air rises quickly and cools, resulting in condensation of the water vapor.
0 ft) on the left side of the Gizmo, and record the air temperature. What happens when the air inside the balloon is heated? The following is a scrambled list of the techniques used in making recombinant DNA. Draw arrows to represent the movement of air. Question: Why do land breezes and sea breezes occur? During what time period does the balloon drift in a counterclockwise direction? The resulting circular flow of air is called a convection current.
This represents the start of the land breeze. Observe: Place the Weather probe at the land-sea boundary, and click Pause when the sea breeze is strongest. Then, repeat with the probe on the land on the right side of the Gizmo. Draw conclusions: In general, the land changes temperature much more rapidly than the ocean. B. Click Play, and then pause the simulation when the land breeze is strongest. What is true about each of these times?
Question: How is wind speed and direction related to air temperature? E. The wind changes direction at approximately 9:10 A. and 12:10 A. Use the Weather probe to measure the land-air and ocean-air temperatures. How does this fact explain the existence of land breezes and sea breezes? Pause the simulation whenever the balloon changes direction. Turn on the Drifting balloon. Which air pocket would you expect to cool down more at night?